This article will help you check and fix your vehicle’s fuel level sensor. Learn to test fuel levels with a multimeter and visual checks. Visit our blog to learn more!
How to check a fuel level sensor?
A fuel level sensor is a valuable tool. It helps avoid the chances of running out of fuel and plan your trip. But what happens when you have a fuel level sensor not working? Knowing how to conduct a vehicle fuel level sensor check can help you determine whether to repair the system or replace it. Find out what causes erratic gauge readings and premature low fuel warnings, how to test a sensor, and its common issues.
How to tell If the fuel level sensor is bad?
A bad measurement tube is the most common cause of a faulty fuel level sensor. This part is responsible for measuring the fuel level in the tank and communicates the data to the gauge.
The following signs indicate that your vehicle’s fuel level sensor is bad:
- Fuel gauge is always full: If the fuel gauge always shows ‘full’, a faulty fuel gauge resistor may be the culprit. Such a resistor sends full voltage to the gauge at all times. This problem can also be caused by faulty wiring between the measurement tube and the fuel gauge. Rarely, fuel level sensor failure can be the cause.
- Persistently Fluctuating Gauge: A mechanical failure can cause the fuel gauge to show fluctuating reading between full and empty. A bad fuel gauge can also cause the problem.
Erratic Fuel Gauge Readings
Erratic fuel gauge readings can be caused by many underlying issues. Common issues include:
- Sensor problems: These issues can cause unpredictable or no readings.
- Instrument cluster issues: Mechanical or electronic failures can also cause inaccurate readings or fuel level sensor failure.
- Wiring issues: Damaged wiring or bad wiring connections can cause communication disruptions between the sensors and gauge.
Erratic readings can also be caused by software problems.
Test a Fuel Level Sensor: Guide
There are two ways you can test a fuel level sensor. You can conduct a visual inspection or use a multimeter for the purpose.
Visual Inspection of the Fuel Sensor
You should check the following components when performing a fuel tank sensor check:
- Measurement tube: Look for any signs of corrosion or damage atop the tube. Make sure the unit sits properly in its position.
- Fuel level sender: The fuel level sender’s position must be within 10 degrees of the highest point on the fuel tank.
Fuel cells: Look for cracks or scratches on fuel cells.
Sensor Issues: How to Fix?
It is recommended to follow these steps for fuel level sensor repair:
Wiring and Connection Problems
Start by checking the wires for any signs of damage. Then, check the sensor and vehicle electrical system connections for any signs of loose fittings or corrosion. Next, clean and re-fix the connections. If you still find the fuel level sensor not working, check the wiring for any faulty connections or breaks.
Follow these steps to troubleshoot the wiring:
- Remove the fuel tank access panel
- Check the wiring harness for any signs of damage. Common signs include chafing, exposed wires, and frayed wires.
- Check the connector pins and wiring for signs of corrosion
- Disconnect the connectors and clean them using contact sandpaper or cleaner
- Re-fix the connector securely
- Use a multimeter to check for continuity between the sensor wire and the matching wire in the electrical system
- If there is continuity, find the break and fix the issue
- Keep the ignition turned on and measure the sensor wire’s voltage
- If there is no voltage, look for faulty wiring or a blown fuse in the circuit
- A fuel level sensor failure may sometimes be fixed by ensuring the ground wire is clean and properly connected
When to Replace a Faulty Sensor?
When the resistance measured in the multimeter is correct but the fuel level sensor is not working, the problem may be an issue with the wiring between the fuel gauge and the fuel measuring tube. If the resistance doesn’t change or meet the manufacturer’s specifications, the sensor may need a replacement.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. How to tell if the fuel level sensor is bad?
If you notice an empty reading even with a full fuel tank, it may mean that the fuel level sensor is faulty. A fuel level sensor repair may also be needed when the fuel gauge always shows full or keeps fluctuating.
Q. How to test fuel level sensors?
You can perform a vehicle fuel sensor check with a visual inspection or a multimeter test.
Q. What happens when the fuel level sensor is bad?
You can experience an empty reading with a full tank. The fuel gauge may consistently fluctuate or show the fuel level to be full at all times.
Q. How much does it cost to replace a fuel level sensor?
The cost to replace a fuel level sensor depends on many factors. Sensor type is the most important factor here.